Electronics essays

Gadgets expositions This venture expects us to structure and fabricate a circuit that creates determined capacities on the oscilloscope, as given on the task portrayal. Likewise, we were required to structure a methods for choosing various frequencies and various amplitudes. This was particularly troublesome on the grounds that the choice must be made legitimately from the breadboard. For the last piece of the lab, we were to draw the diagrams we got to show how the different capacities were produced carefully. The outcomes we got were exceptionally stable. We had the option to produce the entirety of the base necessities (a square wave and slope wave). Likewise, we had the option to produce the waves that would give us additional credit (a triangle wave and approximations to a sine wave). We additionally found an approach to effectively shift recurrence and abundancy. This investigation utilizes four operational intensifiers (opamps) to convey these waveforms in the 6 Hz to 7000 Hz run. The sine wave is a pseudo sine wave creates by a straightforward wave molding circuit. An advanced counter can be utilized alongside a DAC to produce simple voltage elements of time, for example, square wave and incline wave. In this lab, we were to structure and construct a circuit that creates a simple square wave and a saw-tooth (incline) wave of voltage, utilizing a counter and DAC/. While taking a shot at this undertaking, we thought of options that would expand proficiency. An elective we considered was to change to an alternate undertaking. This was considered when we were experiencing difficulty with the usage of the circuit. Be that as it may, we chose to stay with this undertaking. We chose this since we had just placed in much idea and work into this specific task. Likewise, we chose to utilize flip-lemon to disentangle the circuit. Square, sine and triangle waves are created utilizing a LM348 and uninvolved parts. The LM348 is a quad operational enhancer IC bundle; that is, it contains four separate opamps all in the one IC. They are denoted A, B, C and D in the... <! Hardware papers In the initial segment of the trial, we associated the normal producer and regular collecter enhancers circuits that are given in the system. At that point we adhered to the guidelines given to discover the voltage gain, the info opposition and the yield obstruction for every one. After that we determined the present increase. Furthermore, in the second piece of the analysis we planned and executed a detour basic producer speaker. This trial was done into about fourteen days. In the main lab we checked the DC and AC investigation of basic producer and regular authority speaker circuit. it focused on the theoritical part that we have concentrated in Electronics I course. The subsequent lab improved our capacity to structure and build a detour normal producer enhancer. ... <!

 Tips for writing a “9” DBQ: Essay

1. As you read the inquiry, think of at any rate three classifications. At that point attempt to fill in as much explicit real data that you can consider, and put this into the classifications. It’s critical to do this BEFORE you read the archives, with the goal that you don’t overlook them when you are breaking down the reports. 2. After you do this, and ONLY after, begin perusing the archives. When taking a gander at the archives, make certain to see who is the creator/painter/political sketch artist/student of history †commonly you will perceive that name and can give the report some setting by what you think about the individual, regardless of whether you have never observed the record. Perceive that not all archives are equivalent in noteworthiness. 3. At times the archives are proposed to trigger peruser memory †for instance, a direct record of a work fight turned rough in 1896 methods they need you to perceive that they are discussing the Haymarket Square Riot. 4. After you make sense of what the archive is stating, record it in the proper class. On the off chance that it underpins your position, put a + close to it; in the event that it is in opposition to your position, put a †close to it. Be certain that you put the letter of the record (A, B, C, and so on) when you record the point the report is making, since this will make it MUCH simpler when you are placing the entirety of this data in exposition structure. On the off chance that you go to the College Board AP US History Exam site, you can see discharged prompts and proposed report investigation. 5. Try not to be hesitant to utilize a point that repudiates your position. You are required to recognize the complexities of history. Simply show why it doesn’t rout your position. For instance, if your article is about the effect of Reconstruction, and your position is that the U.S. government didn't do a lot to support the liberated slaves, you ought not overlook the Freedmen’s Bureau. Or maybe, you should call attention to the insufficiencies of the Freedmen’s Bureau †it didn’t keep going long enough, most of neighborhood Bureau operators were hampered in their endeavors by previous Confederates, and there was no military capacity to authorize the authority of the Bureau specialists. 6. Presently, and just currently, compose your proposition. The proposition ought not surpass two sentences. Express your position plainly in the primary sentence. In your second sentence you can characterize a key term (progressivism, Robber Baron, Jacksonian Democracy †relies upon the brief) and incorporate the classes that you utilized in your graph back in sync #1. Make certain to compose your classes into your theory in a similar request where you will examine them in your paper. For instance: â€Å"From 1775 to 1830, numerous African Americans picked up opportunity from servitude, yet during a similar period the organization of subjugation extended. Clarify why BOTH of those progressions occurred. Investigate the ways that BOTH free African Americans and oppressed African Americans reacted to the difficulties facing them.† (2009 DBQ question) Your proposal could be something like the accompanying: African slaves and their American-conceived youngsters were disregarded by the Constitution (which, in its unique structure, alluded to slaves as â€Å"other persons†), however the conflicting idea of the new American character [described in this student’s acquaintance earlier with the theory, utilizing subtleties that showed the student’s information on the timespan referenced in the question] both prompted more noteworthy opportunity and progressively across the board subjugation. Slaves and freedmen the same endured under, abused, and adapted to the parts of an agrarian economy, private enterprise, and Christianity in America. This theory (this was from an example answer that got a score of 8 out of 9) makes composing the exposition simple. Each passage ought to have a theme sentence that expresses the classification (perceive how this example has three classifications) you are discussing and your situation on this classification. At that point remember for the passage the focuses that you recorded in your diagram, and make it stream together, utilizing both the archives and outside data. The last sentence in each section is the clincher sentence that polishes off your considerations on that one class and gives a progress into the following one. At the point when you are done, reword your theory for the end.

Winslow Homers Breezing Up (A Fair Wind) essays

Winslow Homers Breezing Up (A Fair Wind) papers Winslow Homers Breezing Up (A Fair Wind) Winslow Homers Breezing Up, situated on the West Main Floor in Gallery 68 of the National Gallery of Arts, consummately catches the magnificence and quality of nature and blamelessness. The artistic creation, which was finished following three years of work in 1876, is shown among crafted by other oil painters including extra works by American and naturalist painter Winslow Homer. In this artwork, Winslow Homer portrays a man with three young men in a little wooden sail vessel that is riding along the rough waters. At the focal point of this work of art is the harsh or back of the pontoon. The most seasoned of the young men is perched on the furthest finish of the harsh with his knees up and his uncovered feet fixed immovably on the deck. In spite of the fact that the subject is straightforwardly before the watcher, Homer uses a marginally slanting direct point of view that goes from the back of the vessel to one side and inaccessible skyline. It is this kid, not the man, who is guiding the vessel easily with one hand on the line. His face is dismissed marginally from the watcher, yet Homer includes so much detail utilizing line and shading to complement the young men jawline, left cheek and eye. All through the work of art, Homers utilization of lines is just indicated by the point by point forms of the figures and vessels themselves. These nitty gritty highlights stand apart extraordinarily against the thick layers of puffy mists, painted with thick and free brush strokes, which wait over the water. The utilization of expressive lines is likewise indicated in Homers capacity to reproduce bends similarly as they would show up in nature, for example, the shape and type of the moving waves in the ocean and the mists drifting overhead in the sky. Winslow Homer likewise utilizes the procedure of view, wherein lines are made from the two young men on the left and their dad looking to the sail while the kid controlling the vessel is looking towards the shoreline, their goal. Suggested lines may likewise be application... <!

Using Perl Chr() and Ord() Functions

Utilizing Perl Chr() and Ord() Functions The Perl programming languagesâ chr() and ord() capacities are utilized to change over characters into their ASCII or Unicode qualities and the other way around. Chr() takes an ASCII or Unicode worth and returns the proportionate character, and ord() plays out the converse activity by changing over a character to its numericâ value.â Perl Chr() Function The chr() work restores the character spoke to by the number indicated. For instance: #!/usr/container/perl print chr (33) print/n; print chr (36) print/n; print chr (46) print/n; At the point when this code is executed, it delivers this outcome: ! $ Note: The characters from 128 to 255â are as a matter of course not encoded as UTF-8 for in reverse similarity reasons. Perls Ord() Function The ord() work does the inverse. It takes a character and changes over it into its ASCII or Unicode numeric worth. #!/usr/canister/perl print ord (A); print/n; print ordâ (a); print/n; print ord (B); print/n; At the point when executed, this profits: 65 97 66 You can affirm the outcomes are accurateâ by checking an ASCII Code Lookup Table on the web. About Perl Perl was made in the mid-80s, so it was a developed programming language well before sites detonated in ubiquity. Perlâ was initially intended for content handling, and it is good with HTML and other markup dialects, so it immediately got famous with site engineers. Perls quality lies in its capacity to cooperate with its condition and its cross-stage similarity. It can without much of a stretch open and control numerous documents inside a similar program.

Handling Technical Terms in Business Writing

Handling Technical Terms in Business Writing As we all know, tech is everywhere you look today â€" from i-pods to cell phones and Bluetooth, to digital video games, to complex computer systems, and even digital special effects at the movies. Technical writing is everywhere too, often embedded in the most casual e-mails and memos and the presentations that many of us have to create at work. Unfortunately, many of us are not as technically savvy in technical writing as wed like to be. Good business writers without much technical writing training are more common today than writers with a lot of technical writing experience. We know how to write a clear business memo or a transition letter or a simple email. Most of us can create a simple PowerPoint presentation, but when it comes to handling really complex technical text, we get nervous. Yet more and more, especially with globalization, we find ourselves having to be technical writers in our professional communication, and we dont feel as comfortable creating this kind of material as wed like.If you dont have a technical degree or practical experience writing documentation and manuals for tech gadgets and suddenly you have to explain something technical to a colleague or to your supervisor in writing, what do you do? Whats the best way to handle the technical writing that you may have to include in your documents? What pitfalls do you need to watch out for to avoid disaster and maybe even unpleasant embarrassment?There are three major concepts to remember when youre dealing with technical copy. The first is your audience or your readers, the second is terminology, especially secondary terminology, and the third is visuals. Learn how to handle these three aspects effectively, and youll avoid at least some the pitfalls that can await you. Youll be in a better position to handle a complex project or help a colleague when your team has a technical document to complete.Always think of your audience first. Who is going to read your technical text? Will it be an en gineer with a lot of background in the topic or your CEO who hasnt got a clue about technical terminology and only wants to know the big picture and the bottom line?Once you know your primary readership, focus your material appropriately and include the detail that is necessary for a clear comprehension of any technical ideas or processes.. Write more in narrative style and explain, explain, explain, and then maybe just explain again. If your audience is a technical department, keep in mind that different departments regularly use their own technical phrases or acronyms for their own areas of expertise, and edit accordingly. Include more explanations and definitions and maybe a glossary, and avoid shorthand phrasing and references. On the other hand, if the document will only be circulated in your own department or division internally, you can be more concise and include some abbreviated phrasing that will most likely be recognized by everyone because theyre familiar with the langua ge on a daily basis.Next, think terminology. Right along with the above advice about the audience is practical advice regarding the use of terminology. Most people who write technical documents know they have to explain the terms that reference any technical concepts and do so, although sometimes not as clearly as some readers might expect. However, the real problem occurs with secondary terminology pops its head up in a document. Secondary terminology is often ignored because few understand it, namely that the words or terms that you use to define primary terms you mention in a document are just as important, maybe even more important, than the original language.Why is that? The answer is simple. If you are trying to learn a process or understand a complex technical concept, and come across a term that is key to that understanding, you dont want that term defined with another term that you have never heard of or is not defined anywhere. You want the secondary term also defined clea rly, so you can understand the first term and then be able to do the task or learn the process. Forgetting to define secondary terminology is a common mistake in technical writing. The writer simply often assumes that you will understand the complex term that youre using to explain another complex term, but of course, you dont. Youre immediately lost and cant follow the context.So whats the solution to this confusion? Always check your document for terms you use to define other terms. Then make sure that the secondary terms are clearly explained or footnoted in language that a non-technical audience will understand. If you are preparing a document for an expert audience, always be aware that there may be readers that are NOT experts and make appropriate allowances either through easy-to-understand footnotes or a glossary of important secondary terms that are defined separately from the main document, but easily available to any reader who is not as well versed in the technology. In that way, a CFO, or a CEO, or an administrative staff member can review the same document without feeling out of touch with an important project or task.Always review a technical document to make sure youre not defining an important term with another term that is vague or undefined. Also watch out for circular discussion that uses undefined terminology to explain concepts or processes, and avoid defining ANY term using only the original term. The goal of technical writing is clarity and more clarity. A technical term should always be precisely presented even when you think that clarity is not needed. Check again and then again to make sure. Doing so will save a lot of confusion, money, and sometimes even injury.Finally, we come to an intriguing and useful aspect of technical writing â€" use of visuals. Visuals are wonderful adjuncts to text in technical writing because visuals can explain with a picture what it might take a writer 500 words to explain in text. However, it is also im portant to remember that visuals should never stand in isolation within a document. You must integrate each visual clearly and precisely into what you are discussing in the text. You must introduce a visual clearly, indicate its purpose precisely, present it with a caption that relates it to its purpose and the text, and then integrate the concept presented via the visual in the following text. Otherwise, a visual can be stuck in no mans land and have no significance. It will be ignored. The valuable information contained in the visual may be passed over, and the text that follows may not be clear either. A visual is a vital part of a technical piece of writing, not just an addendum that can be slapped on as an afterthought. Always review your document to see how your visuals interface with your text and review the placement of all visuals to make sure they add to the meaning of your document and not simply detract from it.If you remember these three aspects of technical writing and use them as useful techniques for the technical writing you need to do on the job, your communication will be more precise and clearly communicated to technical and non-technical readers alike. A bonus will be that you will be seen as a good communicator by all your colleagues, and that reward will be a solid boost for your career.

Micropatterned Paper Monitoring Essay - 1650 Words

Micropatterned Paper Monitoring Hepatotoxicity Less Developed Countries (Research Paper Sample) Content: MICROPATTERNED PAPER MONITORING HEPATOTOXICITY LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIESName:Student ID:Course Name: EATC001/ SATC001University:Table of ContentsSection Topic Page Number 1 Introduction 3 2.03.0 PreviewDesign requirement of micropatterned paperdevice 44 4.05.0 Structure of the deviceResearching the analytes 6 6.0 Data testing the micro-patterned paper device 8 7.08.0 ConclusionReference 1012 1. IntroductionLess industrialized countries are characterized by a lack of funds which contribute to the unavailability of equipment and poor setting for excellent monitoring of hepatotoxicity (Ballerini and Shen 2012, p. 770). Tests available in most industrialized for hepatotoxicity testing are beyond reach by developing nation (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 154). In response to poor resource setting, developing nation only rely on symptom diagnosis as the only method for hepatotoxicity monitoring. Symptoms usually appear after a considerable damage had been done. Thus, development of low-cost, simple-to-use (POC) method for diagnosing and monitoring for hepatotoxicity in poor resource country is crucial (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 153). According to Vella et al. (2012, p. 2885), reduction in price of drugs for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), tuberculosis (TB) and malaria drugs have increased cases of hepatotoxicity in less developed country. Although this has helped, lack of a suitable method for detection of liver induced-toxicity has led to noticeable deaths due to drug toxicity. Monitoring of patients does not only help in the curing of appropriate hepatotoxicity, but it also prevents treating of patient without the disease as well as over treating which could lead to developing drug-resistant organisms (Chang Schiano, 2007, p. 1137).As a move to address the issue of monitoring, Whiteside laboratory has developed a low cost paper based, a device using thread and magnetic levitation (method in which subjects are suspended with magnetic field only) which are configured to detect protein and glucose in the blood. Two different groups were also reported to have developed a paper-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (P-ELISA), which uses colorimetric output to detect antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) in blood.2.0 PreviewThis report explains of the basic features of micropatterned which make it able to monitor hepatotoxicity. It begins by brief introduction of meaning hepatotoxicity, condition associated with it, what is required to for the analyses in order to detect cases of hepatotoxicity. Hepatitis and how device detect it is discussed. Three assays are used during monitoring, which include AST, ALP and total protein. Results are analyzed through calorimetrically. In case of hepatitis the device registers color change in AST and ALP testing zones from colorless to pink and purple respectively. In the protein assay, presence of hepatitis is seen by lack of change or minimal changes. This is fol lowed component of the device and how their functions. The parts are plastic sheaths, filter, and hydrophilic. Sheaths help to prevent contamination to workers, the filter separate red blood from plasma, and hydrophilic paper prevent cross-reaction. Finally, data testing of device is done. How the device measure hepatotoxicity.3.0. Design requirement of micropatterned paper deviceDurante-Mangoni et al. (2006, p. 1352) said that hepatotoxicity is a general name for liver damage. The conditions that fall within hepatotoxicity includes: hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) hepatic necrosis (death of liver cell) hepatic steatosis (too much fat in the liver) It results of various factors, including infection from disease micro-organism especially those that cause diseases such as hepatitis, HIV malaria and cancer, abuse of alcohol, overreaction or reaction toward medication (Ballerini Shen 2012, p. 771). Drug induced hepatotoxicity occurs to 2- 28% of most patients taking medication su ch as isoniazid, and pyrazinamide which are used for tuberculosis and also occurs to 8-28% of HIV patient taking Nevirapine as their first line treatment and risk increases with patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s co-infections. Thus, people under diabetic and heart therapy needs close monitoring of the liver (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 156).Hepatitis is a disease condition defined by liver inflammation. The disease occurs with no symptoms, but leads to jaundice anoxia and malaise. The disease causes the release of AST and ALP in the blood stream. On the other hand, the disease reduces the amount of protein in the blood stream. To check both acute and chronic hepatitis, for the acute hepatitis, the damaged liver releases AST and ALP into the blood stream hence elevating their concentration to more than 10 times. On the other hand, in chronic hepatitis, it elevates 4 times. To detect this, the device registers color change in AST and ALP testing zones from colorless to pink and purple respectively. Usi ng the chart interpretation basing on the color intensity, high intensity indicates acute hepatitis while low intensity indicates chronic hepatitis. Using total protein assay, reduced or low intensity in green color shows the presence of dysfunction (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 8).Blood is most commonly used as a test medium, it contain markers of the liver that are absent in urine. Striking piercing or lancing the finger is the most common method used in the developing countries since it does not require trained personnel. Furthermore, an adult average finger produces between 10 and 20ÂL volume of blood (Vella et al 2012, p. 2886). The figure below shows how the blood from the fingerstick is taken.4.0. Structure of the deviceMicropatterned paper device a portable system designed to detect multiples of analytes (AST, ALP and protein) in the drop of blood from a fingerstick. The device comprises a paper chip patterned into hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, self-adhesive laminating sheets. The figure below illustrates the components of the device which includes plastic sheaths, filter and hydrophilic paper.Figure 2: Components of the device. Source: modified Vella et al.As seen In figure (2), Its microsystem consist of (i) plastic sheaths, (ii) a filter to remove red blood cells (iii) a patterned paper with a wax ink functioning as hydrophobic barrier hence creating three hydrophilic zone for running three calorimetric assays. Two sheaths around the device protect excess blood from limiting water evaporation from the plasma. The sheaths also help in preventing reagents from contaminating, and workers from touching patient blood. Red blood cells applied to the device are adsorbed to the filter while the plasma proceeds to detection area. Patterning ensures no cross-reaction or mixing of coloring agent in hydrophilic zones. Calorimetric assay is used since they offer benefit of quickness in completion requiring less than 30 minutes, easy to interpretation, usi ng a chart or digital scanning, and analyzing using software of if intergraded with telemedicine can be done off-site (Vella et al 2012, p. 2884).The paper based devices will not only help the poor resource country to monitor hepatotoxicity. However, it will also help to prevent unnecessary treatment of the problem (Martinez, Phillips, Butte Whitesides 2007, p. 1319).5.0 Researching the analytesHepatotoxicity panel consist of several different assays which include aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total serum protein, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Liver damage (such as hepatitis elevate both AST and ALP. On the other hand, it reduces the concentration of total serum protein and albumin. Many researches undertaken to indicate the state of liver often use concentration of the two enzymes and total protein to base their judgment (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 158)6.0. Data testing of micropatterned deviceCommon assays used in data analy sis are (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline p... Micropatterned Paper Monitoring Essay - 1650 Words Micropatterned Paper Monitoring Hepatotoxicity Less Developed Countries (Research Paper Sample) Content: MICROPATTERNED PAPER MONITORING HEPATOTOXICITY LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIESName:Student ID:Course Name: EATC001/ SATC001University:Table of ContentsSection Topic Page Number 1 Introduction 3 2.03.0 PreviewDesign requirement of micropatterned paperdevice 44 4.05.0 Structure of the deviceResearching the analytes 6 6.0 Data testing the micro-patterned paper device 8 7.08.0 ConclusionReference 1012 1. IntroductionLess industrialized countries are characterized by a lack of funds which contribute to the unavailability of equipment and poor setting for excellent monitoring of hepatotoxicity (Ballerini and Shen 2012, p. 770). Tests available in most industrialized for hepatotoxicity testing are beyond reach by developing nation (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 154). In response to poor resource setting, developing nation only rely on symptom diagnosis as the only method for hepatotoxicity monitoring. Symptoms usually appear after a considerable damage had been done. Thus, development of low-cost, simple-to-use (POC) method for diagnosing and monitoring for hepatotoxicity in poor resource country is crucial (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 153). According to Vella et al. (2012, p. 2885), reduction in price of drugs for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), tuberculosis (TB) and malaria drugs have increased cases of hepatotoxicity in less developed country. Although this has helped, lack of a suitable method for detection of liver induced-toxicity has led to noticeable deaths due to drug toxicity. Monitoring of patients does not only help in the curing of appropriate hepatotoxicity, but it also prevents treating of patient without the disease as well as over treating which could lead to developing drug-resistant organisms (Chang Schiano, 2007, p. 1137).As a move to address the issue of monitoring, Whiteside laboratory has developed a low cost paper based, a device using thread and magnetic levitation (method in which subjects are suspended with magnetic field only) which are configured to detect protein and glucose in the blood. Two different groups were also reported to have developed a paper-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (P-ELISA), which uses colorimetric output to detect antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) in blood.2.0 PreviewThis report explains of the basic features of micropatterned which make it able to monitor hepatotoxicity. It begins by brief introduction of meaning hepatotoxicity, condition associated with it, what is required to for the analyses in order to detect cases of hepatotoxicity. Hepatitis and how device detect it is discussed. Three assays are used during monitoring, which include AST, ALP and total protein. Results are analyzed through calorimetrically. In case of hepatitis the device registers color change in AST and ALP testing zones from colorless to pink and purple respectively. In the protein assay, presence of hepatitis is seen by lack of change or minimal changes. This is fol lowed component of the device and how their functions. The parts are plastic sheaths, filter, and hydrophilic. Sheaths help to prevent contamination to workers, the filter separate red blood from plasma, and hydrophilic paper prevent cross-reaction. Finally, data testing of device is done. How the device measure hepatotoxicity.3.0. Design requirement of micropatterned paper deviceDurante-Mangoni et al. (2006, p. 1352) said that hepatotoxicity is a general name for liver damage. The conditions that fall within hepatotoxicity includes: hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) hepatic necrosis (death of liver cell) hepatic steatosis (too much fat in the liver) It results of various factors, including infection from disease micro-organism especially those that cause diseases such as hepatitis, HIV malaria and cancer, abuse of alcohol, overreaction or reaction toward medication (Ballerini Shen 2012, p. 771). Drug induced hepatotoxicity occurs to 2- 28% of most patients taking medication su ch as isoniazid, and pyrazinamide which are used for tuberculosis and also occurs to 8-28% of HIV patient taking Nevirapine as their first line treatment and risk increases with patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s co-infections. Thus, people under diabetic and heart therapy needs close monitoring of the liver (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 156).Hepatitis is a disease condition defined by liver inflammation. The disease occurs with no symptoms, but leads to jaundice anoxia and malaise. The disease causes the release of AST and ALP in the blood stream. On the other hand, the disease reduces the amount of protein in the blood stream. To check both acute and chronic hepatitis, for the acute hepatitis, the damaged liver releases AST and ALP into the blood stream hence elevating their concentration to more than 10 times. On the other hand, in chronic hepatitis, it elevates 4 times. To detect this, the device registers color change in AST and ALP testing zones from colorless to pink and purple respectively. Usi ng the chart interpretation basing on the color intensity, high intensity indicates acute hepatitis while low intensity indicates chronic hepatitis. Using total protein assay, reduced or low intensity in green color shows the presence of dysfunction (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 8).Blood is most commonly used as a test medium, it contain markers of the liver that are absent in urine. Striking piercing or lancing the finger is the most common method used in the developing countries since it does not require trained personnel. Furthermore, an adult average finger produces between 10 and 20ÂL volume of blood (Vella et al 2012, p. 2886). The figure below shows how the blood from the fingerstick is taken.4.0. Structure of the deviceMicropatterned paper device a portable system designed to detect multiples of analytes (AST, ALP and protein) in the drop of blood from a fingerstick. The device comprises a paper chip patterned into hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, self-adhesive laminating sheets. The figure below illustrates the components of the device which includes plastic sheaths, filter and hydrophilic paper.Figure 2: Components of the device. Source: modified Vella et al.As seen In figure (2), Its microsystem consist of (i) plastic sheaths, (ii) a filter to remove red blood cells (iii) a patterned paper with a wax ink functioning as hydrophobic barrier hence creating three hydrophilic zone for running three calorimetric assays. Two sheaths around the device protect excess blood from limiting water evaporation from the plasma. The sheaths also help in preventing reagents from contaminating, and workers from touching patient blood. Red blood cells applied to the device are adsorbed to the filter while the plasma proceeds to detection area. Patterning ensures no cross-reaction or mixing of coloring agent in hydrophilic zones. Calorimetric assay is used since they offer benefit of quickness in completion requiring less than 30 minutes, easy to interpretation, usi ng a chart or digital scanning, and analyzing using software of if intergraded with telemedicine can be done off-site (Vella et al 2012, p. 2884).The paper based devices will not only help the poor resource country to monitor hepatotoxicity. However, it will also help to prevent unnecessary treatment of the problem (Martinez, Phillips, Butte Whitesides 2007, p. 1319).5.0 Researching the analytesHepatotoxicity panel consist of several different assays which include aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total serum protein, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Liver damage (such as hepatitis elevate both AST and ALP. On the other hand, it reduces the concentration of total serum protein and albumin. Many researches undertaken to indicate the state of liver often use concentration of the two enzymes and total protein to base their judgment (Pollock et al. 2012, p. 158)6.0. Data testing of micropatterned deviceCommon assays used in data analy sis are (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline p...

Spanish 1 High School Course Notes - 3074 Words

This is just so I can read an essay Spanish (espaà ±ol), also called Castilian[3] (castellano About this sound listen (help ·info)), is a Romance language that originated in Castile, a region of Spain. Approximately 406 million people speak Spanish as a native language, making it second only to Mandarin in terms of its number of native speakers worldwide.[1][2] It also has 60 million speakers as a second language,[2] and 20 million students as a foreign language.[4] Spanish is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, and is used as an official language by the European Union and Mercosur. Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of common Latin in Iberia after the†¦show more content†¦The first documents to record what is today regarded as the precursor of modern Spanish are from the 9th century (see Glosas Emilianenses). Throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era, by far the most important influence on Spanish (Castilian) lexicon came from neighboring Romance languages—Navarro-Aragonese, Leonese, Aragonese, Catalan, Portuguese, Galician, Mirandese, Occitan, Gascon, and later, French and Italian—but also from Basque, Arabic, and to a lesser extent the Germanic languages. Many words were borrowed from Latin through the influence of written language and the liturgical language of the Church. Local sociolects of Vulgar Latin evolved into Spanish in the north of Iberia, in an area defined by à lava, Cantabria, Burgos, Soria and La Rioja. The dialect was later brought to the city of Toledo, where the written standard of Spanish was first developed, in the 13th century.[17] In this formative stage, Spanish (Castilian) developed a strongly differing variant from its close cousin, Leonese, and, according to some authors, was distinguished by a heavy Basque influence (see Iberian Romance languages). This distinctive dialect progressively spread south with the advance of the Reconquista, and so gathered a sizable lexical influence from the Arabic of Al-Andalus, much of it indirectly, through the Romance Mozarabic dialects.[18] The written standard for this new language began to be developed in the cities of Toledo, in the 13th to 16th centuries, andShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : Graduate College1553 Words   |  7 PagesMexican family it was hard to attend school and tra nsition from knowing my native Spanish tongue to English. I spent most of my time in an English school environment until I got to high school. In high school, I realized how important it was to embrace my native tongue. Not everyone does that, especially during high school, thus influencing my decision to go to college and major in Spanish. My plan is to graduate college, receive a teaching credential to teach high school students not only how to learnRead MoreProfessional Communications Unit 1 Assessment1240 Words   |  5 PagesCommunications Unit 1 Assessment 1. What has your academic history? In which classes have you been successful? In which classes have you struggled? Have your academics changed over the years? My academic history has been dubious over the years I have been in school. I say iffy because my grades have been all over the place if you will. One quarter I ll A s and B s. The next quarter I may have A s, B s, and C s. In elementary I had mostly A s. If not then A s and B s. In middle school is when I startedRead MoreThe Struggles And Inequalities Of Mexican Americans1264 Words   |  6 Pagesperiods that I give focus to include education in the Spanish-Mexican era (1519-1848), education and early Anglo rule in the Southwest (1836-1890), the expansion of American education (1890-1960), and education in the contemporary period (1960-present). Education in the Spanish-Mexican era lasted from 1519 until 1848. During this period, education occurred in informal and formal settings and was aimed towards the Indian population, who were Spanish subjects. Education in informal settings was the generalRead MoreCommunity, School, And Classroom Factors Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesKnowledge of Community, School, and Classroom Factors Myrtle Beach High School is located within Horry County in the city of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The population of Myrtle Beach according to the Census Bureau was about 31,035 (Census). The population is mostly Caucasians (67.8%), but also consists of African Americans (13.9%), Hispanics (13.7%), mixed races (2.7%), Asians (1.5%), American Indians or Alaskan natives (0.7%), and Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Natives (0.3%).(Census, 2010)Read More Krashen’s Hypotheses of Second Language Acquisition Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pageshypothesis focused on the difference between the acquisition of and the learning of a second language. Krashen has his detractors, of course, not the least of whom are American school districts, which have been reluctant to implement his teachings. Most experts agree, however, that his ideas are the most meritorious of the theories in circulation now, and schools that refuse to incorporate them are doing their students a disservice. The first of Krashen’s hypotheses is the learning-acquisitionRead MoreA Lecture Week One Homework Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagesLecture Week One Homework Question One: 1) The first common communication misbelief is that communication only exists to exchange information between two communicators. Though in some conversations the rapid exchange of information is essential, often times the relational content of a message is significantly more important that the content component. For instance, after a dog that I walked for six years passed away I asked the owner, â€Å"how are you feeling† and gave her a hug. I did not ask the questionRead MoreHow The Strategies Implemented Within The Classroom1607 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough high school classrooms living in an inner city sector of North Texas. Inspecting the progression through the spectacles of critical race theory (CRT), this study examines how to review cultural response to adjust teaching to responding to the cultural needs and learning styles of African American male students, as a result of institutional racism, particularly through the teachers expectations, curriculum and how it negatively impacts African American male students in schools. The setRead MoreA Brief Note On Spy And Racial Inequity Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesopportunities for children. Schools additionally teach students where they belong in a stratified, limiting society in indirect ways. Throughout my history courses, I learned that explorers and settlers enculturated the savage Indians. Textbooks emphasized how whites built their wonderful communities after ridding the land of Native-American influence. I now know this story is not accurate. In Occupied America: A History of Chicanos, Chicano Studies professor Rodolfo Acuà ±a (2015) notes tha t Western thinkersRead MoreCommunity Hazard Assessment : Paso Del Norte1643 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish and Spanish speakers. Because communication is one of the key factors to emergency preparedness and response, this linguistic barrier must be considered when providing education for emergency plans as well as in community response efforts. The estimated population of the Paso del Norte regional community is 2.5 million people (â€Å"Regional Data Population El Paso, Texas,† 2016). Over half of this population resides in Ciudad Juarez on the Mexican side of the border with a significantly high populationRead MorePhilippine Government in Pre Spanish Period4341 Words   |  18 PagesElementary and high school education is compulsory, and is administered nationally by the Department of Education, along with the assurance of funding for school services and equipments, recruitment of teachers for all public schools, and the supervising and organization of theeducation curricula. Based on the current education system of the Philippines, students should enter elementary schools at the age of 6 or 7, and for a duration of 6 years. Then, at the age of 12 or 13, students then enter high schools